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Francis A. Sullivan, S.J. (born May 21, 1922) is an American Catholic theologian and a Jesuit priest. He is best known for his research in the area of ecclesiology and the magisterium. == Early life and Jesuit formation == Francis "Frank" A. Sullivan was born in Boston on May 21, 1922, to George Edward and Bessie () Sullivan, the second of four boys.〔Richard W. Rousseau, S.J., ''Rev. Francis A. Sullivan, S.J.'' New England Jesuits Oral History Program, Vol. 85. (Weston, MA: Campion Center, 2009), 1-3.〕 (Contrary to his general bibliographical representation, his middle name is Alfred, not Aloysius. Another Jesuit, a classicist by the name of Francis Aloysius Sullivan, had already published his own work by the time Sullivan produced his own books. When Sullivan's ''Magisterium'' was submitted to the Library of Congress, they mistakenly identified him with this other Francis Sullivan, and assigned him that middle name, a circumstance to which he is ruefully resigned.〔Michael Anthony Novak, ''An Ecclesiology of Charisms in the Theology of Francis A. Sullivan'', Marquette University Doctoral Dissertation, 2010, p. 56〕) Raised in an actively Catholic household, Sullivan became interested in the possibility of life as a Jesuit and as a teacher through the influence of Jesuit instructors he admired at Boston College High School, as well as his uncle Louis Sullivan, a Jesuit teaching at what was then known as Weston College (now the Boston College School of Theology and Ministry).〔''An Ecclesiology of Charisms'', 6-7〕 Because Sullivan had been passed up two grades early in his education, he finished at Boston College High School when he was barely 16 years old, and immediately entered the Jesuit novitiate in 1938, which then allowed entry as early as the age of 15. The Jesuits' novitiate at that time was in the donated Berkshire Cottage known as ''Shadowbrook'' in Lenox, Massachusetts. The novitiate was devoted to spiritual instruction and development, concentrating on instruction in the tradition of the Society of Jesus and its spirituality, and being guided through the full, month-long experience of Ignatius of Loyola’s Spiritual Exercises. The way Jesuit formation was structured at the time, the novitiate was followed by the juniorate, devoted to two years of classical studies, equivalent to the first two years of undergraduate education. This was followed by two years of studying philosophy at Weston College, in a program tied to, and very similar to, the classical B.A. at Boston College. Sullivan was awarded his B.A. from Boston College in the spring of 1944. Then after a further third year of philosophy at Weston, he received a master's degree in philosophy from Boston College in 1945.〔Fr. Sullivan's Boston College homepage〕 Sullivan was now 23 years old, and was close to reaching his original goal of teaching high school. All Jesuits-in-training taught high school for three years as a matter of course during their formation, in what was called their Regency. Sullivan served for two years teaching high school Latin, English, and Algebra to the students in Fairfield, Connecticut, where the Jesuits had just recently opened Fairfield College Preparatory School in 1942. Sullivan's Regency was cut short because his Superior, John J. McEleney, S.J., had decided to prepare Sullivan for study in Patristics, with an eye toward his becoming a professor back at Weston College.〔''Rev. Francis A. Sullivan'', 8〕 He was therefore sent in 1947 to Fordham University in the Bronx for graduate work in Classics instead of the normal third year of teaching. With the possibility of becoming a teacher of Patristics before him, he wrote his Master's thesis on Clement of Alexandria’s attitude toward Greek philosophy,〔55 year later, a version of this work was published by Sullivan in “Clement of Alexandria on Justification through Philosophy” in ''In Many and Diverse Ways: In Honor of Jacques Dupuis'', eds. Daniel Kendall and Gerald O'Collins, 101-16. (Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 2003).〕 and took his M.A. in 1948. Sullivan then returned to Weston College to study theology for four years, leading to his priestly ordination in 1951, after the third year of theology had been completed. A fourth and final year of theology was then completed. Studying theology was a new experience for Sullivan, notably distinct from the classics focus of his education to this point, and was much more interesting as a subject matter to Sullivan than philosophy. His theological coursework was completed in 1952, and Father Sullivan was awarded the S.T.L. – the ''Sacrae Theologiae Licentiatus'' or Licentiate of Sacred Theology, which is the middle degree in the pontifical university system – by Weston College at the age of 30. He then took a break from his academic preparations for his “Tertianship,” the final year of Jesuit spiritual formation leading to the Jesuit Final Vows, which Sullivan did at a house the Jesuits had in Pomfret, Connecticut.〔''Rev. Francis A. Sullivan'', 9〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Francis A. Sullivan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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